الباسط
كلمة (الباسط) في اللغة اسم فاعل من البسط، وهو النشر والمدّ، وهو...
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Many delegations came to Mu‘āwiyah in the month of Ramadan and we would prepare food for one another. Abu Hurayrah was one of those who frequently invited us to his dwellings. I said: "Should I not prepare food and invite them to my home?" So I ordered food to be prepared and when I met Abu Hurayrah in the evening I said: "I’m inviting you to my house this evening." He said: "You preempted me!" I said: ‘Yes.’ and invited them. (After they had eaten) Abu Hurayrah said: "Shall I tell you a tradition from your traditions, O you assembly of the Ansār?" He gave an account of the Conquest of Makkah and said that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) had proceeded until he reached Makkah. He dispatched Az-Zubayr on his right flank, Khālid on his left, and Abu ‘Ubaydah with a force that had no armor. They advanced to the interior of the valley. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was in the middle of a large contingent of fighters. He saw me and said: “Abu Hurayrah.” I said: “I am here at your service, Messenger of Allah.” He said: “Let no one come to me except the Ansār; (only) call the Ansār to me." Abu Hurayrah continued: "So they gathered around him. The Quraysh also gathered their ruffians and their (lowly) followers, and said: 'We will send these (men) forward. If they get anything, we will be with them (to share it) and if misfortune befalls them, we will pay (as compensation) whatever we are asked for.' The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said (to the Ansār): 'You see the ruffians and the (lowly) followers of the Quraysh.' And he indicated by (striking) one of his hands over the other that they should be killed and said: 'Meet me at As-Safa.' Then we went on (and) if any one of us wanted a certain person to be killed, he was killed, and none of them could offer any resistance." Abu Hurayrah continued: "Then came Abu Sufyān and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, the blood of the Quraysh has become very cheap. There will be no Quraysh from this day on.' Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyān, he will be safe.' Some of the Ansār whispered among themselves: 'Love for his city and sympathy for his clan have overpowered him.' Abu Hurayrah said: "A revelation came to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and when he was going to receive the revelation, we understood it, and when he was receiving it, none of us would dare raise his eyes to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) until the revelation ended. When the revelation came to an end, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'O you assembly of the Ansār!' They said: 'Here we are at your service, Messenger of Allah.' He said: 'You were saying that ‘Love for his city and people has overpowered this man.'' They said: 'So it was.' He said: 'No, never. I am a slave of Allah and His Messenger. I migrated to Allah and to you. I will live with you and I will die with you.' So, they (the Ansār) turned towards him in tears, saying: 'By Allah, we said what we said because of our attachment to Allah and the deep desire to have His Messenger among us.' The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Surely, Allah and His Messenger testify to your assertions and accept your apology.'" The narrator continued: "People came to the house of Abu Sufyān and locked their doors. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) proceeded until he approached the (Black) Stone. He kissed it and circumambulated the Ka‘bah. He reached an idol by the side of the Ka‘bah that was worshiped by the people. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) had a bow in his hand that he was holding from a corner. When he came near the idol, he began to pierce its eyes with the bow, saying: ﴿The Truth has come, and falsehood has perished﴾ [Sūrat al-Isrā': 81]. When he had finished the circumambulation, he came to the Mount Safa, climbed it to a height from where he could see the Ka‘bah, raised his hands (in supplication), and began to praise Allah and prayed what he wished to pray.''
شرح الحديث :
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that people went to Mu‘āwiyah ibn Abi Sufyān in the Levant during the month of Ramadan. The people would prepare food and eat together and Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) would often make food and invite people to eat. So ‘Abdullāh ibn Rabāh made the intention to prepare food and invite people to eat. He met Abu Hurayrah and invited him to dinner that night. Abu Hurayrah remarked that he had been preempted this time. When they gathered, Abu Hurayrah offered to tell them a tradition about the Ansār people. So he told them the story of the Conquest of Makkah. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) led the army that conquered Makkah and appointed Az-Zubayr ibn al-‘Awwām on one flank, Khālid ibn Walīd on another, and Abu ‘Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrāh heading a flank that wore no armor. They took the road to Makkah through the middle of the valley. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) led a brigade in the middle of the army. When he saw Abu Hurayrah, he told him to gather the Ansār for him, and that only they should come. They gathered around the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). The Quraysh collected groups from different tribes and prepared them for the fight. They placed them in the front of the army, so if they won a victory, the Quraysh would share it with them. If they were defeated, the Quraysh would give the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) whatever he wanted. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) told his Companions to kill the groups that the Quraysh had collected and to meet him at Mount Safa in Makkah. The Companions set out, killing these groups until they had eliminated them. None of the disbelievers could protect themselves. Abu Sufyān said to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) that the Quraysh was being eliminated. So the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said that anyone who entered the house of Abu Sufyān would be safe. On this, the Ansār said that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was feeling sympathy for his tribe. The Ansār saw the Prophet showing mercy to the people of Makkah, and felt that was why he had stopped fighting them. They thought that he would return to Makkah and stay there forever, forsaking them and deserting Madīnah. Such a prospect was difficult for them to cope with. Allah sent a revelation to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) to tell him of this. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) then sent for the Ansār and asked them whether they had said what they had said. They said that they had. Indeed, this was one of the Prophet’s miracles. When the revelation came down to him, the Companions would realize it and so would not raise their eyes to him until the revelation had ended. When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) told them what they had said: they realized that he truly was the Messenger of Allah, and in this capacity, he could tell them the unseen in this situation and in others as well. So they had to trust everything he told them and know that he was the Slave and Messenger of Allah. he assured them that he migrated to Allah and to their city to settle there, and that he would not abandon the emigration that he had intended for Allah's sake. He told them that he would live with them until the end of his life. This was another of his miracles and when he said this to them, they cried and apologized to him. They said that they had said what they said out of a keenness for his perpetual companionship, so they could learn from him, seek his blessings, and follow his guidance on the straight path, because Allah says: ﴿And indeed, [O Muhammad], you guide to a straight path﴾ [Sūrat-Ash-Shūra: 52]. So, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) told them that Allah and His Messenger believed them and accepted their apology. When he said that anyone who entered the house of Abu Sufyān would be safe, some people came to the house of Abu Sufyān, while others closed their doors. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) then proceeded until he came to the Black Stone and kissed it and performed Tawāf around the Ka‘bah. When he came to a statue that the disbelievers used to worship next to the Ka‘bah, he poked it in the eyes with a bow, saying: ﴿Truth has come, and falsehood has perished﴾ [Sūrat al-Isrā': 81]. When the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) finished his Tawāf, he went to Mount Safa, climbed it, and looked at the Ka‘bah. He raised his hands, praised Allah, and asked Him for whatever he wished.