al-Hudhayliyyah (الْهُذَيْلِيَّة)
العقيدة
التعريف :
A sect of the MuꜤtazilah, the followers of Abu al-Hudhayl Muhammad ibn al-Hudayl al-ꜤAllāf of Basrah. He split with the MuꜤtazilah on certain points, including: 1) an attribute denotes the person himself; 2) God has a will that has no place; 3) God’s word is of two types: one having no place, and this is the word ‘be’ which brings into being; while the other has a place, such as commands and prohibitions; 4) the movements of the people of heaven and the people of hell are brought to a stop and they will be in permanent stillness, when all pleasures are granted in full to the people of heaven in that stillness, while all pains are combined in full for the people of hell in that stillness.
المعنى الاصطلاحي :
"Al-Hudhayliyyah" is a Mu`tazilite group that followed Abu al-Hudhayl Muhammad ibn al-Hudhayl al-Basri. Among other things, they believed that all creation of Allah, the Almighty, will perish; the attributes of Allah, the Almighty, are His essence; and the dwellers of Paradise and Hellfire will cease to move and fall into a permanent state of dormancy and stillness.
الشرح المختصر :
"Al-Hudhayliyyah" was one of the Mu`tazilite groups. They followed Abu al-Hudhayl Muhammad – or Hamdaan – ibn al-Hudhayl al-Basri, also known as Al-`Allaaf, (died 226 AH). He learned the Mu`tazilite creed from `Uthmaan ibn Khaalid at-Taweel, who studied under Waasil ibn `Ataa’. Abu al-Hudhayl also read many books of Greek philosophers and got influenced thereby. He then mixed their ideas with these of the Mu`tazilites. Their beliefs and ideas include the following: 1. All creation of Allah, the Almighty, will perish. Thus, the bliss of the dwellers of Paradise and the torment of the inhabitants of Hellfire will come to an end, and both of them will enter into a permanent state of stillness. Then Allah, the Almighty, will not be able to do anything, neither cause death to a living thing nor give life to a dead one – far Exalted be He above what they say. 2. People of the Hereafter will be forced to do what they do and have no free will. 3. Ascribing an essence to Allah, the Almighty, which in itself consists of His attributes. So Allah is Knowing, and His knowledge is part of His essence, and the same holds true for His might and other things. This is similar to the Christian belief that the essence of Allah is One but has three forms: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. 4. There is no predestination. People create their own actions. In the Hereafter, however, they will not have free will. 5. If a murdered person was not killed, he would die at the same time. One’s lifespan does not wax or wane. As for sustenance, only lawful things are called as such. As for the things prohibited by Allah, the Almighty, they should not be called ‘sustenance’. 6. A person is required to know Allah, the Almighty, even before he is exposed to the divine revelation and the proofs contained therein. 7. Allah, the Almighty, has a will, but it is not settled in Him; rather, it is changing.
التعريف اللغوي المختصر :
"Al-Hudhayliyyah": a religious sect that followed and was named after a man called Abu al-Hudhayl Muhammad ibn al-Hudhayl al-Allaaf al-Basri.