necessities (الضَّرُورِيَّات)
أصول الفقه
التعريف :
The basic principles of the different branches of knowledge that rational people accept, and the human mind finds necessary to accept.
المعنى الاصطلاحي :
Interests that are necessary for the establishment of the religion and life, such that if all or some of them are missing, life is ruined or disturbed.
الشرح المختصر :
"Darooriyyāt" (necessities) are the necessary interests upon which life is contingent and without which life cannot go on. These necessities are five: religion, life, mind, property, and honor. They differ in the degree of necessity. Preservation of the religion is given top priority, while preservation of life is given precedence over preservation of property, and preservation of honor is given precedence over preservation of property, and so on.
التعريف اللغوي المختصر :
"Darooriyyāt": anything that is direly needed. Derived from "darar", which means distress, difficulty. Other meanings: hardship, adversity.