البر
البِرُّ في اللغة معناه الإحسان، و(البَرُّ) صفةٌ منه، وهو اسمٌ من...
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that Abu Talhah said to Umm Sulaym: "I felt some feebleness in the voice of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and perceived that it was due to hunger; so have you anything with you?" She replied in the affirmative, and brought out barley loaves, then took out a head-covering of hers, in a part of which she wrapped those loaves and then put them beneath my mantle and covered me with a part of it. She then sent me to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). I [Anas] set forth and found the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) sitting in the mosque and some companions were with him. I stood near them, whereupon the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Has Abu Talhah sent you?" I replied in the affirmative, whereupon he said: "Is it for a feast?" I replied in the affirmative. Thereupon the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said to those who were with him to get up. They set off and so I did before them, until I came to Abu Talhah and informed him. Abu Talhah said: "O Umm Sulaym, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) has arrived along with some people and we do not have enough to feed them?" She said: "Allah and His Messenger know best." Abu Talhah went out (to receive him) until he met the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) he proceeded along with him until they both entered. Then the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Umm Sulaym, bring forth that which you have with you," and she brought such bread. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) then commanded that the bread be broken into small pieces, and when Umm Sulaym had squeezed a container of fat on it as a dressing, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said whatever that Allah willed him to say over it. He then said: "Allow ten to enter." He permitted them, and they ate until they were satiated. They then went out. He again said: "Allow ten more," and he permitted them and they ate until all the people were satiated, and they were seventy or eighty men" [Al-Bukhāri and Muslim]. In another narration: "They continued to enter and exit, ten at a time, until no one remained who had not entered and eaten to his fill. He then collected the leftovers and it was the same quantity as what had been eaten." In another narration: "They ate ten at a time, until eighty people had eaten. Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and the hosts ate, and they left a surplus." In another narration: "There was enough leftover to feed their neighbors." In another narration reported by Anas who said: "One day I came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and found him sitting with his companions, and he had tied his belly with a bandage. I asked some of his companions why the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) had bandaged his belly. They said that it was due to hunger. I then went to Abu Talhah, the husband of Umm Sulaym bint Milhān, and said to him: "Father, I saw the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) having bandaged his belly. I asked some of his companions the reason and they said that it was due to hunger." Abu Talhah came to my mother and said: "Is there anything?" She said: "Yes, I have some pieces of bread with me and some dates. If the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) comes to us alone we can feed him to his fill, but if someone comes along with him this would be insufficient for them." And he mentioned the rest of the Hadīth.
شرح الحديث :
This Hadīth means that one day the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was famished, and Abu Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) realized that from the weakness of his voice. So he told his wife, Umm Sulaym (may Allah be pleased with her) about it and asked if she had some food. She said that they had enough to feed the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). She took out some barley loaves and then took one of her head coverings, wrapped the bread up with it and placed it under Anas's cloak and covered him with the other end of the head covering. When Anas approached the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) he found him sitting among his Companions, so he went over to him and stood there. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Did Abu Talhah send you?" Anas said: 'Yes.' He was unable to give the food to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) because there were many Companions around him. He also knew that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was not used to eating food alone apart from his Companions. By his answer, Anas meant to invite the Prophet to come alone to the house of Abu Talhah, so he could eat as the family had wished. However, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) told his Companions to come with him. They all set off and Anas said: "I set off ahead of them," and in another narration: "I was sad because many came along with him." He added: "I came to Abu Talhah and informed him. Abu Talhah said: "O Umm Sulaym, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) has arrived with some people, and we do not have enough to feed them." She said: "Allah and His Messenger know best." Umm Sulaym (may Allah be pleased with her) entrusted the matter to Allah and His Messenger, as if she recognized that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) had done that intentionally, so that the honor of multiplying the food could be demonstrated by him. Her response indicates her superior understanding. Abu Talhah went to meet the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and he proceeded with him until they both entered the house. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said (to Umm Sulaym): "Bring what you have." In another narration: "Abu Talhah received him and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, We have nothing but a loaf of bread that Umm Sulaym made.'" And in another narration, Abu Talhah said: "It is only a loaf of bread," whereupon the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah will bless it." And in another narration, Abu Talhah said: "O Messenger of Allah, I sent Anas just to invite you; we do not have enough to feed all those I see," whereupon the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Go in, for indeed Allah will bless whatever you have." When the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) entered the home of Abu Talhah, he said: "Bring what you have, Umm Sulaym.'' So she brought the loaf of bread, which the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) asked to be broken into small pieces. Umm Sulaym squeezed some fat out of a leather container onto the food to dress it and the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) make a supplication over the food. In another narration: "I brought it and he untied it and said: 'In the Name of Allah. O Allah, make it blessed in abundance.'" Then he said: "Allow ten to enter." He gave them permission, and they ate until they were satiated and then went out. He again said: "Allow ten more," and he gave them permission and they ate until all the people were satiated, and they were seventy or eighty men. [Al-Bukhāri and Muslim] In another narration: "They continued to enter and exit, ten at a time, until no one remained who had not entered and eaten his fill. He then collected the leftovers and it was the same quantity as before they started eating." In another narration: "They ate ten at a time, until eighty people had eaten. Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and the hosts ate and they left a surplus." In another narration: "There was enough leftover to feed their neighbors."