residency (الإقَامَةُ)
الفقه أصول الفقه
التعريف :
A traveller’s stay in a village or a town for four days, when he has to offer his prayers in the full version, neither shortening nor combining them. According to the Ḥanafī school of fiqh, a stay of fifteen days.
المعنى الاصطلاحي :
Announcing that the congregational prayer is about to start with a specific wording dictated by the Shariah.
الشرح المختصر :
The purpose of the "iqāmah" (second call to prayer) is to inform the worshipers who are prepared to attend the congregational prayer to stand up and form the rows for prayer. This is done by reciting a specific wording a specific number of times. All schools of Islamic jurisprudence agreed by consensus that the wording of the "iqāmah" is the same as that of the azān with the addition of "qad qāmat as-salāh" (the prayer has been established) after "hayya ‘ala al-falāh" (hurry to success). They also agreed that the order of the wording of "iqāmah" is the same as that of the azān.
التعريف اللغوي المختصر :
"Iqāmah": steadiness, stability, settlement (in a place). Other meanings: upholding something, making the one who is sitting stand up.