المعنى الاصطلاحي

A scholastic theological deviant sect, named after Al-Jahm ibn Safwān.

الشرح المختصر

The "Jahmiyyah" is a deviant sect in terms of creed, attributed to Islam. It emerged in Iraq in the second century AH, and was founded by Al-Jahm ibn Safwān at-Tirmidhi. Ideas of Al-Jahm ibn Safwān were based on theological innovations, deviant notions, and views that oppose the beliefs of the Prophet"s Companions. This set of beliefs started in Iraq, spread in Khorasan, then among the Muslims. There have been its advocates and writers who defend it and write books on it. Scholars classified the "Jahmiyyah" into three levels: 1. Extreme "Jahmiyyah": They deny Allah’s names and attributes, and this is the meaning intended when the word "Jahmiyyah" is referred to in general. 2. Mu‘tazilite "Jahmiyyah": They deny all of Allah’s attributes. 3. Those who affirm some of Allah"s attributes and deny others, such as "Al-Ash‘ariyyah" and "Al-Mātureediyyah". Beliefs of "Jahmiyyah": 1. Denying all of Allah’s names and attributes. 2. Excluding testifying with tongue and actions of the body organs from the requirements of faith, so they define faith as knowledge only. 3. Denying many things pertaining to the Hereafter, such as the Sirāt (Bridge), the Scale, seeing Allah, etc. 4. Claiming that the Qur"an is created. 5. Claiming that Paradise and Hellfire are not eternal. 6. Denying that humans have a free will and choice, and affirming that they are compelled in all of their actions.

التعريف اللغوي المختصر

""Al-Jahmiyyah"": a sect named after Al-Jahm ibn Safwān. The "Jahmiyyah" are his followers and companions.

التعريف

Those who follow Jahm ibn ṣafwān who said that everyone has no say, ability or choice in whatever one does. He also denied God’s attributes.