al-Kullābiyyah (الْكُلَّابِيَّة)
العقيدة
التعريف :
A rationalist school of scholastic theology named after ꜤAbdullāh ibn SaꜤīd ibn Kullāb. It started in the first half of the third Hijrī century, the ninth Gregorian century. Ibn Kullāb denies God’s action and optional attributes. It is the closest school of theology to the Sunnī beliefs. The Māturīdiyyah and AshꜤariyyah picked up the fundamental principles of al-Kullābiyyah and added to them.
المعنى الاصطلاحي :
A scholastic theologian sect ascribed to ‘Abdullah ibn Sa‘eed ibn Kullāb.
الشرح المختصر :
The "Kullābiyyah" is a scholastic sect that emerged in the middle of the third Hijri century after the emergence of the "Jahmiyyah" and the "Mu‘tazilah". They followed ‘Abdullah ibn Sa‘eed ibn Kullāb al-Qattān al-Basri, who founded a third school named the "Sifātiyyah". He was called Ibn Kullāb because he was very argumentative. The sect gained more influence when the founder of the "Ash‘ari" school of thought adopted their views. Main beliefs of the "Kullābiyyah are as following": 1. Denial of the voluntary attributes, i.e. attributes of Allah"s actions which are related to Allah"s will, such as rising above the throne. They only affirm seven attributes. 2. Belief that actions of the slaves are created by Allah, while human capacity for action was acquired only at the very moment of doing. 3. Belief that the Qur"an is created, which is a narration about Allah"s speech, while Allah"s speech is the inseparable meaning from His essence. 4. Belief that faith is belief in the heart and verbal profession only, and that it does not increase or decrease. They believe that one must always be hesitant about his faith (i.e. say I"m a believer if Allah wills), and believe that anyone who commits a major sin is a believer with the perfect faith.
التعريف اللغوي المختصر :
"Al-Kullābiyyah": it is derived from "kullāb" which means hook. The sect was named after Ibn Kullāb.