العالم
كلمة (عالم) في اللغة اسم فاعل من الفعل (عَلِمَ يَعلَمُ) والعلم...
Speculative knowledge
(عِلْمٌ نَظَرِي)
من موسوعة المصطلحات الإسلامية
المعنى الاصطلاحي
Perception based on the mind's thinking, reflection, and inference.
الشرح المختصر
"‘Ilm nazhari" (speculative knowledge): Human knowledge is of two categories: fundamental and acquired. 1. Fundamental knowledge: is that which is acquired initially, without reflection or reasoning. It is called "fundamental" because it exists in the world without human choice. Also, it cannot be dispensed with. It is also known as intuitive, instinctive, and primordial knowledge. 2. Acquired knowledge: is that which is preceded by reflection and reasoning, and it can be learned. Some people know it, while others do not. It is also known as acquired knowledge, required knowledge, etc. "‘Ilm nazhari" is of two types: that which is easily accessible, and that which is accessible with difficulty