المعطي
كلمة (المعطي) في اللغة اسم فاعل من الإعطاء، الذي ينوّل غيره...
Booty gained without fighting
(فَـيْءٌ)
من موسوعة المصطلحات الإسلامية
المعنى الاصطلاحي
Whatever the Muslims gain as booty from the disbelievers without fighting.
الشرح المختصر
"Fay’" (booty gained without fighting) is what Allah, the Almighty, returns to the Muslims from the disbelievers' money and properties without a fight, either by withdrawal, or by agreeing on the payment of "jizyah" (a per capita tax levied by the Muslim state on its non-Muslim subjects), or otherwise. "Fay’" is of two types: 1. What the disbelievers leave behind when escaping out of fear of the Muslims, such as lands, real estate, or movable properties, or what they give the Muslims to ransom themselves. 2. What is taken without fear, like the "jizyah", which is the tax levied on the disbelievers for living in a Muslim country; or the "kharāj" (land tax); or the "‘ushoor", which is a tax imposed on their money with which they conduct trade in a country which is at war with Muslims or enter therewith from a country at war with Muslims to a Muslim country.
التعريف اللغوي المختصر
"Fay’": return. This type of wealth is called "fay’" because Allah returns it to the Muslims without fighting.