الحكم
كلمة (الحَكَم) في اللغة صفة مشبهة على وزن (فَعَل) كـ (بَطَل) وهي من...
Obligation-creating rulings/Defining laws (أحكام تكليفية)
أصول الفقه
المعنى الاصطلاحي :
Allah's commandments, relating to the acts of the slaves either by way of demand or option.
الشرح المختصر :
"Ahkām takleefiyyah" (obligation-creating rulings/defining laws) are rulings understood from divine discourse relevant to the actions of those who are competent for religious duties. There are five types included within the following three categories: 1. Rulings that entail action whether through obligation, which is called "wājib" (obligatory), or non-obligation (i.e. recommendation), which is called "mandoob" (recommended). 2. Rulings that entail avoidance whether through obligation, which is called "harām" (prohibited), or non-obligation, which is called "makrouh" (disliked). 3. Rulings that give choice to either do or not do something. It is called "mubāh" (permissible/allowed). "Takleef" means assigning a person to do something that involves "kulfah" (hardship).