compulsion (الإِجْبَار)
التربية والسلوك أصول الفقه
التعريف :
Coercion and the use of force in education.
المعنى الاصطلاحي :
A state in which a person with authority forces another to do an act to realize a Shariah ruling.
الشرح المختصر :
“Ijbār” (forcing/compelling) is forcing a person by someone with authority such as the judge or the ruler in fulfillment of something required by the Shariah. “Ijbār” has three types: 1- “Ijbār” by virtue of Islamic Shariah, such as enforcing all Shariah rulings, e.g. inheritance, Zakah, etc. In this case, the source of obligation is the Islamic Shariah. 2- “Ijbār” practiced by the ruler in order to eliminate injustice or realize a public benefit, such as forcing a procrastinating debtor to settle his debts, even by beating or incarcerating him. 3- “Ijbār” practiced by individuals in special cases, such as forcing a daughter by her father to get married.
التعريف اللغوي المختصر :
“Ijbār”: forcing, subjugating someone to do something. Opposite: "takhyeer" (giving a choice). Other meanings: obligating.