identifying the cause (تَخْرِيجُ الْمَنَاط)
أصول الفقه
التعريف :
To pinpoint the cause which is not mentioned in the religious text that states the ruling to which the analogy is applied, through the process of induction.
المعنى الاصطلاحي :
Deducing the cause of a ruling which is established by (religious) text or consensus.
الشرح المختصر :
"Takhreej-ul-manaat" (extracting/identifying the cause) is the process by which a "mujtahid" scholar (one capable of independent reasoning in the evaluation of Islamic law) identifies and extracts the "‘illah" (justification/cause) of a certain Shariah ruling that is established by textual proof or consensus. "‘Illah", here, refers to the state/description upon which the ruling is based. An example of "takhreej-ul-manaat" is the process of diligent reasoning to establish that intoxication is the cause for the prohibition of alcohol and that wheat being a type of food is the cause that makes it one of the types that could involve "ribaa" (interest). This is done so that all other things that share the same description are to be dealt with as analogical to it. It is as if the "mujtahid" extracted the cause from a state of obscurity. For this reason, it is called "takhreej-ul-manaat".