the Murjiʾah, Murjites (الْمُرْجِئَة)
العقيدة
التعريف :
A sect that places action as secondary to faith, and claim that no sin harms a believer, and that no good action is of any use without belief. They further say that whoever says the declaration of God’s oneness and prophet Muhammad’s message will never be in hell. They further say that belief neither increases nor decreases. The Murjiʾah are divided into four classes: the Fiqh Murjiʾah, the Compulsion Murjiʾah who are better known as al-Jahmiyyah, the Qadariyyah Murjiʾah who are also known as the Ghaylāniyyah, and the main Murjiʾah. This last class is subdivided into five groups: Yūnisiyyah, Ghassāniyyah, Thawbāniyyah, Tūmaniyyah and Marīsiyyah.
المعنى الاصطلاحي :
A description that is used for anyone who isolates actions from faith and does not include actions to be part of faith
الشرح المختصر :
"Al-Murji’ah" (the Murji'ites), in general, have isolated actions from faith, and they are given this name for two reasons: 1. Postponing or isolating actions from one’s intention and purpose. 2. Granting the sinning believer hope that Allah will pardon and forgive them. They have defined faith in many ways: 1. "Al-Jahmiyyah" (the Jahmites): They are the followers of Al-Jahm ibn Safwān, who claimed that faith is about awareness of the heart. Faith, according to them, is not divisible, and all people have the same level of faith. 2. "Al-Asha‘irah" (the Ash‘arites) and "Al-Mātureediyyah": They say that faith is belief in the heart. A group of them, such as Al-Baqillāni, Al-Juwayni, Ar-Rāzi, and the majority of "Al-Mātureediyyah", say that faith neither increases nor decreases. Another group, such as Al-Eeji and Al-Ghazāli, say that belief in the heart is subject to increase and decrease when it becomes strong and weak, because of the clarity of evidence and proofs. 3. Abu Hanifah and his companions: They said that faith involves acknowledgement by the tongue and belief by the heart, and it neither increases nor decreases. Some of Al-Mātureediyyah adopted this opinion. 4. "Al-Karrāmiyyah" said that faith is acknowledgement by the tongue without affirmation of the heart. These are the most popular views regarding faith and its increase and decrease. "Al-Murji’ah", however, have two different opinions on the obligation of actions: 1. The extremist "Murji’ah": They say that actions are not obligatory, claiming that salvation is guaranteed for the believer no matter what sins he commits or obligations he neglects. They also say that sins do not harm one as long as he has faith, exactly as obedience does not benefit one as long as he is upon disbelief. 2. The non-extremist "Murji’ah": They view that actions are obligatory and that the sinner shall be under Allah’s Will on the Day of Resurrection, either to punish or forgive him. Such a statement reduced disagreement between this group and Ahl-us-Sunnah and limited it to the definition of faith only.
التعريف اللغوي المختصر :
"Murji’ah": derived from "irjā’", which means to delay or postpone something. It could also refer to hope and fear.